Industry science: what is the pressure loading test, what is the difference between pneumatic and hydraulic test?

Pressure loading test is a commonly used test method to check the strength, durability and sealing of materials or products. Pressure loading test is mainly used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, new energy, chemical industry, oil and gas, machinery manufacturing, medical equipment and other industries. In these industries, pressure loading test machines are widely used to test the pressure performance of various materials, products or systems, such as aerospace materials, automotive parts, new energy batteries, oil and gas pipelines, chemical equipment, shipbuilding materials, electric power equipment, machinery parts, medical devices and so on.

Ⅰ.Test Principle

The principle of pressure loading test is to test the strength, stiffness, elasticity, ductility, fatigue strength, fracture toughness and other properties of a product by applying pressure on the material or product.

The purpose of the pressure loading test is to ensure that the material or product meets the requirements for its use, to detect product defects in a timely manner, to assess safety in order to improve product performance and to avoid accidents.

Ⅱ.Test Methods

There are many different methods of pressure loading tests, common ones include:

• Static pressure test
• Dynamic pressure test
• Sealing test
• burst pressure test
• Cyclic pressure test
• Overturning pressure test
• Shock pressure test
• Fatigue pressure test

III.Pressure loading test equipment

Pneumatic pressure loading tester（简称气压试验机）和水压压力试验机（简称水压试验机）都是用于进行压力加载试验的设备。气压试验机使用气体作为加载介质，而水压试验机使用水作为加载介质。

in choosing气压试验机还是水压试验机时，需要考虑以下因素：

Different pressure media

气压试验机使用气体如空气、氮气等作为压力介质，而水压试验机使用液体即水作为压力介质。

Different pressure ranges

气压试验机的压力范围一般在 0~5MPa，水压试验机的压力范围较大，可以达到 0~300MPa。

Different pressure loading methods

气压试验机通过气压腔加载压力，压力场比较均匀。水压试验机通过水头高差形成压力加载，压力场不均匀。

Different sizes and costs

同等压力下，气压试验机体积更小，成本更高；水压试验机体积较大，成本较低。

Different test application ranges

气压试验机用于测试力学性能；水压试验机常用于密封性能测试。

Differences in safety

Pneumatic testing is relatively safer, while hydraulic testing involves the risk of water pressure explosion.

JCGKCell pressure loading tester，对新能源电池进行翻转压力/爆破测试/呼吸循环/压力加载/气密性检测，确保其产品质量和安全性。

IV. Summary

压力加载试验是一种重要的质量控制手段，通过气压试验机和水压试验机的测试，可以确保材料、产品或系统能够在设计的压力下安全工作，并避免发生故障或事故。

如果对测试速度和精度要求较高，则应选择气压试验机。如果对测试成本要求较高，则应选择水压试验机。

如果您在进行压力加载试验时遇到任何问题，请咨询压力试验机制造商或专业人士，如精诚工科气密性。